Next, by sealing the vents and increasing temperature to around 900-950° centigrade, everything turned black and the areas painted with the slip vitrified (transformed into a glassy substance). At this point, the entire vase turned red in color. First, the temperature was stoked to about 800° centigrade and vents allowed for an oxidizing environment. Not only did the pots have to be stacked in the kiln in a specific manner, but the conditions inside had to be precise. To produce the characteristic red and black colors found on vases, Greek craftsmen used liquid clay as paint (termed “slip”) and perfected a complicated three-stage firing process.
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